How To Create Package Json For Npm

Node.js is a popular server-side language that is used by millions of developers worldwide. While building Node.js projects, we use various packages that make development easier. All of these packages are managed by the Node Package Manager.

To learn more about Node.js, check out this amazing article about Node.js by Section.io contributor, Jethro Magaji.

Introduction
Create an NPM Account
Let's Code
Deployment
Using the Package
Further Reading

Introduction

A package manager is software that manages versions, packages and dependencies for your project. When a project grows in scale, a package manager helps to manage dependencies. It works perfectly across versions and even in collaborative projects. It cuts costs by reducing dependency problems across developer teams.

To install Node.js packages, we use the NPM registry, which is a centralized repository of packages. In this article, we will learn how to create a Node.js package and deploy it on the NPM registry for public use.

For more background on Node.js and various related technologies, check out some amazing Section.io articles below:

Most Useful Node.js Packages
Building a Node.js Application Using Docker
Linting in Node.js using ESLint
APIs in Node.js vs Python - A Comparison

Create an NPM Account

To get started, let's create an NPM account.

Go to the npmjs website and click on the sign up button.

npmjs Webpage

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Enter a username, email address, and password.

Create NPM Account

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Now, you have to verify your account. Check the inbox of the email address that you provided and click on the verification email. This will verify your npm account.
You have successfully created an NPM account, and can start publishing packages.
You need to sign in to your npm account on your console to start publishing packages.
To do this, open a new folder and start your terminal. Enter the command:

Now, enter your username, password and email ID.

NPM Login

We have successfully signed in.

Let's Code

Every package published to the NPM registry should have a package.json file. Let's start by initializing a package.json file.
The minimum requirements of a package.json file is a name and a version. Let's enter those pieces of information into the file.

            {              "name":              "clist-node",              "version":              "1.0.0"              }

Enter a different name in package.json because every NPM package should have a unique name.
In our sample NPM package, we are going to use the axios package for making API calls. Install it by using this command:

Note: To learn more about Axios, check out its NPM package page here.

We'll be using the clist API that returns a list of contests like hackathons, programming contests, etc..,
Create an account on the clist website and get an API key.
The entry point of our package would be the index.js file. Create a file named index.js in the same directory.

                          // module.exports exports the function getContests as a promise and exposes it as a module.                            // we can import an exported module by using require().                                          module.exports              =              async              function              getContests() {              const              axios              =              require("axios");              // Importing the Axios module to make API requests                                          var              result;              const              username;              // Insert Your Username here                                          const              api_key;              //Insert API key here                                          await              axios              // Making a GET request using axios and requesting information from the API                                          .get(              "https://clist.by/api/v1/json/contest/?username="              +              username              +              "&api_key="              +              api_key              +              "&limit=20&end__gt=2020-09-19T00%3A00%3A00"              )     .then((response) => {              // If the GET request is successful, this block is executed                                          return              response;              // The response of the API call is passed on to the next block                                          })     .then((contests) => {              // In this block, we store the response data into a variable 'result'                                          result              =              contests.data.objects;     })     .catch((err) => {              console.log(err);              // Error handler                                          });              return              result;              // The contest data is returned                            };

Note: This package requires an API key to run. Therefore, it might not run directly if you install it.

Now that we've programmed the package, it's time to deploy it.

Deployment

To deploy the package, enter the command:

NPM Publish

In a moment, you'll get an email from the NPM registry indicating that your package has been successfully published!

Using the Package

Let's install and test our package.
Open a new folder and initialize a package.json by using the command:

Note: The -y option creates a package.json without an interactive process.

Now, let's install our published npm package.

Create an index.js file and let's code.

                          const              clist              =              require("clist-node");              // import the installed package                                          clist()   .then((res) => {              // If the function successfully retrieves the data, it enters this block                                          console.log(res);              // Print the contest data on the console                                          })   .catch((err) => {              console.log(err);              // Error handler                                          });

Run this file by using the command:

The contest data from our NPM package would be printed out on the console. The retrieved data can be used to dynamically render elements on our front-end, store them in a database or process the data further. The possibilities are endless.

Result

We have successfully deployed and tested our NPM package!

Conclusion

To summarize what we did:

Created an NPM Account from npmjs.org.
Login to the terminal using your npm credentials using the command, npm login.
Initialized the package.json file using the npm init -y command.
Wrote code.
Deployed the package using, npm publish.
Use your deployed package using npm i <package-name>.